This Bruegel paper finds that the European Commission’s issuance strategy can still be improved to reduce EU borrowing costs at the margin. It should also continue to work on building market infrastructures for EU bonds. Moreover if EU countries want to reap the full benefits of EU borrowing, some political progress will have to take place. Finally, the EU should quickly review how interest costs are accounted for in the EU budget and in the MFF.Source : © European Union, 2023 - EP