It has become more common in the industry to discuss the power imbalances between buyers and manufacturers and the need for equal partnerships, and that this power imbalance continues in the context of climate action. The argument is that the current approach to climate action by brands and buyers, with science-based targets as their measure of success, shifts the main responsibility to reach climate goals on manufacturers. Is this approach unfair, unrealistic and impractical? Who will pay for these investments? Will US and EU legislation help or hinder progress? Who should pay for climate action? We will hear perspectives from a select group of manufacturers, including why some think the current approach is likely to fail and what they think are better strategies.